Thursday 30 November 2017

NIGERIAN ARMY INTRODUCES NEW LANGUAGE POLICY FOR OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS


The Nigerian Army has directed all its officers and men to immediately commence the learning of the three major Nigerian languages.
A statement by army spokesperson, Sani Usman, on Wednesday morning said all personnel are expected to be proficient in Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba by December 2018.
Mr. Usman, a brigadier general, said the directive is part of the new language policy by the army.
Read full statement below.
NIGERIAN ARMY INTRODUCES NEW LANGUAGE POLICY FOR OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS
1. The Nigerian Army has introduced a new Language Policy. The study of foreign and local languages is world-wide practice among armies, in which officers and soldiers are encouraged to be multi-lingual. The Policy will foster espirit-de-corps and better communication with the populace to enhance information gathering, civil-military relations, increase understanding between militaries when operating abroad and assist officers and soldiers to perform their duties professionally.
2. It is to be noted that English remains the official language in the Nigerian Army. Yoruba, Igbo and Hausa languages could be used during Civil Military Cooperation (CIMIC) activities or interrogation. Therefore all Nigerian Army personnel have been given one year to learn the three major Nigerian languages. Invariably, by December 2018, all Nigerian Army personnel are expected to learn the three major Nigerian languages. The standard of proficiency to be attained is the basic level. Certificated proficiency level will attract Language Allowance.
3. The ability to speak the 3 major Nigerian languages will be an added advantage to those applying for recruitment or commissioning into the Nigerian Army. Therefore, prospective candidates are encouraged to learn Nigerian languages other than their mother tongues.
4. Before now, the Nigerian Army officially encouraged the learning of French, Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese and Swahili. French language is an assessed subject in some career courses and examinations for Nigerian Army personnel.
Brigadier General Sani Kukasheka Usman
 
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MILITARY STRATEGIES YOU CAN APPLY IN YOUR LIVE

Life In The Military: 15 Badass Skills You Can Apply To Your Own Life

Life in the military teaches you some very useful skills, traits and habits.

Of course, you can learn these skills elsewhere, but military service is one of the fastest and best ways to get them quickly and establish them as habits.
This is because when you first arrive at basic training you are thrown into a completely foreign environment and you have to learn fast to survive. You either adapt or you're out.
However even if you haven't been in the military and never intend to join, you can take these military skills and apply them to your own life.

1. Personal Discipline

personal discipline
The military will instill high standards in all areas.
This will be from personal grooming to your uniform to physical training to the work that you do either in the office or in the field.
To the civilian world some of these things seem picky and trivial such as having gleaming boots and an immaculately ironed rig.
But how can you achieve big things if you can't get a handle on small ones? The aim is to develop attention to detail and instill discipline and high standards in everything you do.
Eventually you won't maintain those standards because somebody is forcing you to. Eventually you will maintain those standards because you want to. Because you want to be the best.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Whatever you do in life, do it well. Don't be lazy and do a half assed job, even if nobody else will know. Hold yourself to high standards, rather than holding yourself to the standards of others.
Focus on the small details and do them well. Be disciplined in your habits and strive to better yourself.

2. How To Get Along With Others

In the military you live and work with people 24/7. Some of these people you won't like but you are all part of a team.
You must have a thick skin and be able to take criticism. You must have the ability to argue or disagree and get over it. There is no place for holding a grudge or a personal slight.
You have to share small living quarters with others, which means being clean, tidy, courteous and respectful of other people's space.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

In any workplace, sports team or group you are going to have to deal with difficult personalities and people you don't necessarily get along with. They might be your peers, you boss or your subordinates.
You have to be able to continue to do your thing and play your part in the team while maintaining effective personal and professional relationships. The key to doing this is to be respectful.

3. Teamwork

As well as getting along with others, one of the crucial aspects to military life is the ability to work as part of a team. As well as instilling discipline, much of basic training is dedicated to drilling recruits in the ability to work as part of a team.
This doesn't mean, as commonly believed, that the individual's identity to to be suppressed, rather it means individuals have to learn how to put aside their individual needs for the needs of the team.
When people come together they can achieve more than the sum of their parts. In the military you really come to understand this concept. You have to make sacrifices for the collective good.
One tactic often used to drill this in at training is that the person who makes a mistake is exempt from punishment and stands by and watches while everyone else has to complete the punishment. This teaches you to avoid letting down the team and teaches the team that they are only as good as their weakest link.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

A team is not just a collection of individuals, but something with its own sense of self. Whatever teams you are in, learn to put aside your own needs from time to time and think of the collective.
Make others look good, help your teammates, be a constructive team member and most importantly be gracious if your personal ambitions have to take a backseat to the needs of the team.

4. Toughness And Tenacity

Whether it's running up hills with bags of sand, keeping yourself awake during a watch or dealing with a lack of sleep or food the military teaches you to push through mental and physical barriers.
You are put into so many difficult situations that you learn to become comfortable with being uncomfortable. This is character building stuff and helps you to learn to overcome adversity
The mind and body are capable of a great deal more than you realize. It's just that most people never push themselves hard enough to discover their full potential.
In the military you learn how to punch through your own resistance and achieve results against all odds. You learn to be tenacious and tough.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Don't be afraid or shy away from difficult situations. In fact you should be encouraged to voluntarily put yourself in difficult situations.
Instead of looking for comfort, look for a challenge and anything that will build your character and make you tougher. Get out of your comfort zone on a regular basis and see struggle and adversity as a necessary part of life and a means for personal growth.

5. How To Learn Quickly And Be Adaptable

In the military you are forced to learn quickly. Unlike college, who you are paying tuition fees, the military is paying you while you go through training.
They have an incentive to ensure that you take on as much information as quickly as possible, both to reduce costs and to get you ready to do your job because they need you.
Basic training imparts a large amount of information on you, while at the same time instilling culture, habits and discipline. This doesn't stop when you graduate as every new posting or rank will require you to learn quickly.
Not only do you have to learn your specialist skills, but you will be expected to perform a range of general and varied tasks. If you don't know how to do it, you have to figure out how to do it. You have to be flexible, adaptable and most of all efficient.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Make it a habit to always be challenging yourself with a new skill. Don't get comfortable with just going through the motions with the same old repetitive tasks. Whether this is in your professional life or in your personal life, always be on the lookout for new challenges that expand your skillset.

6. How To Take Responsibility

In the military you need to be accountable for your actions. You need to be a dependable and reliable colleague and team member. You need to able to work and lead in a self directed manner. You need to have integrity and uphold the values of the service and your unit.
All of this requires you to take full responsibility for your actions. Shifting the blame, telling untruths or shirking your workload are not acceptable. You have to own up and man up.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Make the traits of responsibility and integrity a cornerstone of your character. It doesn't matter whether you are in the military or not, a good man demonstrates these qualities.
Tell the truth, keep your word, do your fair share and be accountable for your actions and your mistakes.

7. Leadership

leadership
In the military the first person you need to learn to lead is yourself. You also need to learn how to be a good follower, as it is just as important to be able to receive and execute commands as it is to be able to give them.
If you are enlisted you will start to shoulder leadership responsibilities gradually as you rise through the ranks. If you are an officer, you will be thrown in the deep end and given significant leadership responsibilities early in your career.
What many people don't know is that military personnel do not perform leadership in a hierarchical top down method of barking orders at people at expecting compliance. There is a time and place for that - on the battlefield - but outside times of danger leadership needs to be more motivational and less dictatorial.
Yes, the hierarchy is there, but if you have to rely on your rank as a leader then you have failed. People should follow you because you are competent, effective, trustworthy and because your character commands respect.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Seek out leadership opportunities wherever you find them. Work to become the type of person who is comfortable taking charge in any situation, even one in which you do not have expertise.
Do not expect to be able to issue commands because of your position. Instead aim to build the trust and respect of the people you lead.

8. How To Be Decisive

In the military you have to make quick and decisive decisions. You don't often have all the information or time that you need to make a well thought out plan. You go with a combination of instinct, gut and training.
In fact research has shown that people who have served in the military are less agreeable than their civilian counterparts. This might have an impact on friendships and relationships but it means you are able to make strong, decisive and perhaps unpopular decisions that might be necessary but upsetting to some.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Don't wait for conditions to be perfect before you commit to something. Don't plan endlessly and never execute. Just get started.
You can always adjust and recalibrate later on if the original decision was flawed in some way. But be confident and don't let fear or uncertainty hold you back from making decisions.

9. Good Etiquette

Proper etiquette is a lost art in the modern world, but is something that is very important in the military.
These are some of the small yet important things the military teaches:
  • Being tidy and well groomed
  • Being well dressed and appropriately dressed for the occasion
  • Being punctual
  • Making eye contact
  • Showing respect to superiors
  • Greeting others in passing
  • Conducting oneself appropriately during formal dining
These things aren't important to most young men, but they should be. In the military they are necessary traits for both personal discipline and the smooth functioning of the organization.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Think about etiquette and make an effort to learn and apply the basic rules. It's not a set of snobby aristocratic rules, but rather the evolved forms of good social conduct.
Any aspiring gentleman needs to understand basic etiquette.

10. How To Keep Fit

how to keep fit
Part and parcel of life in the military is maintaining high standards of physical fitness.
Obviously soldiers need to be fit in order to do their job properly. However that is just one part of the focus on fitness.
More importantly physical fitness used as a tool to teach recruits to push through their mental barriers. It is used to show them that they can go farther than they ever thought possible and that they can push through the pain and through the desire to give up.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Don't just treat your workouts as a physical exertion, treat them as a mental workout as well. Challenge yourself and push your body and mind to new limits.
This will yield greater physical results as well as developing mental strength and character.
If you don't have the self discipline to push yourself then find a training partner or join a group class like Cross Fit.

11. How To Work Under Stress

Life in the military brings a high level of stress. You are often in unfamiliar or unfavorable conditions, often running low on food or sleep and you have to make quick decisions. You are often far from home, away from loved ones and workinging long hours under significant pressure.
Yet you learn to live consistently out of your comfort zone and operate effectively and efficiently despite all the stressors. You learn to tune out the distractions and focus at the task at hand.
Civilian problems by comparison can seem trivial. In my first job out of the Navy, during a tough period when a lot of colleagues were stressed, I remember telling my boss, "I don't mind, at least in this job I get to go home and sleep in my own bed every night."

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

When life gets tough, as it inevitably will, try not to complain. Remember there is always someone doing it tougher than you.
Human beings have an amazing ability to expand their capacity to cope when they are required. Just ask any first time parent.
Absorb the pressure, remain grounded and perform your duties effectively.

12. Practical Skills

Life in the military provides you with an array of useful and practical skills.
These include firearms training, bushcraft and survival skills, seamanship and mechanical skills right down to how to iron a shirt and polish boots.
Some will be trade specific skills and others will be general things that everybody learns.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

If your parents didn't teach you something and you haven't picked it up in your civilian career then make an effort to get out there and learn it.
Want to fire a gun? Go down to your local gun range.
Want to get outdoor skills? Then join a hiking group.
The military gives you a lot of practical life skills, but they aren't the only place you can learn these things.

13. How To Form Good Habits

During basic training certain habits will be drilled into you. Things like waking up early, making your bed, doing your domestic chores and showering twice a day.
It won't take long for them to become habitual because they are forced on you. But later on, even when no one is checking up on you, you will maintain these basic habits throughout your career and possibly even into civilian life.
However it's not just those certain desirable military habits that you pick up. What you learn is how to make a habit stick.
I've always been into personal development and habit formation but during college I had a real hard time making my habits stick. I just lacked the discipline.
However after joining the Navy I have rarely had a problem. If I want to embed a habit I just stick to it for 30 days and the habit stays. Military training gave me the discipline I needed to be able to see through that initial period of habit formation.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Even if you lack military training you can develop the discipline in order to successfully instill new habits.
You need to be very deliberate in your behavior and rigorous in sticking to your program, but it can be done.
Learning how to form habits is a key life skill and allows you to develop numerous positive traits and attributes in key areas such as fitness, nutrition, career, business and spirituality.

14. Loyalty

In the military you are expected to show loyalty to your country, your unit, your superiors and your mates.
This instills in you an ability to stay committed even during times of adversity and stress. You give your loyalty to others and you know that they give it to you.
You are willing to make sacrifices for the good of the collective and you give your all to make sure the collective succeeds.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

There are plenty of situations in life that demand loyalty and the need to think of the team before you think of yourself.
In your work, in your relationships and in sports teams you are expected to be loyal and committed. Selling out the team for your own personal gain is frowned upon at best and gets you fired, dumped or kicked out at worst.
It is important in life to think of number one. But it's also important to know when to put number one aside.

15. Minimalism

The military teaches you to be streamlined. While it can be guilty of having a top heavy bureacracy, in the field it practices strict minimalism.
You pack light and only carry the essentials. You focus on what's important and you cut the fluff.
Anything that you don't need will only weigh you down and must be discarded. You learn to live with only the basics but you treasure every item that you have, for each thing you carry has a crucial purpose.

How You Can Apply This In Your Own Life

Minimalism is a philosophy that advocates simplifying your life by reducing the number of unimportant things that clutter it.
Can you reduce the number of physical possessions you own? If there is anything that you don't actually use but it clutters up your house then get rid of it.
Go over your weekly schedule. Are you overcommitted? Could you simplify your life by reducing your committments and only focusing on what is important?
Look at your friendships. Do you have a large number of shallow friendships? Would you be better off by focusing on a smaller number of high quality friendships?

Conclusion

Military service is a great way to embed some very important life skills and habits. The military needs its people to be able to be highly functional under stress, as well as live together in close quarters, so they must be regimented and well drilled.
However you don't need to join the military in order to take on these habits and skills in your own life. You can learn them on your own.
However if you haven't picked them up through your parents, your schooling or your job then you need to make a conscious effort to instill these habits and skills to make them stick.

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DEADLY BATTLES YOU HAVE EVER SEEN

The 20th century’s 10 deadliest battles

The
20th century witnessed some of the worst military disasters ever in history during the two World Wars and other conflicts. Army-technology.com lists the 10 worst military disasters in the 20th century based on the reported casualties.
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The 20th century witnessed some of the worst military disasters ever in history during the two World Wars and other conflicts. Army-technology.com lists the ten worst military disasters in the 20th century based on the reported casualties.

Battle of Stalingrad

The Battle of Stalingrad caused about two million casualties from Soviet and Axis forces and stands as one of the century’s worst military disaster. It was one of the bloodiest battles in history and is considered as one of the major battles in the World War II.
The Germans were surprised by the troop strength of the Red Army at Stalingrad (now Volgograd) as the Soviet Union deployed over a million soldiers in Operation Uranus to thwart the German Army inside the city. The Axis forces were heavily defeated by the Red Army at Stalingrad, resulting in withdrawal of their vast military force from the West to reinforce the losses in the East.
The death toll at Stalingrad was huge, leaving about 850,000 Axis soldiers dead, missing or wounded in the battle, and more than a million Soviet soldiers downed, missing or wounded. Most of the civilians residing in the city also died during the combat.

Battle of Moscow

The Battle of Moscow, code-named ‘Operation Typhoon’ by the Germans, occurred during World War II and witnessed about 1.6 million casualties.
The battle, which commenced in October 1941, was largely a defensive effort by the Soviets against the German attack on Moscow. The Red Army counter-attacked against the Germans to enable them to withdraw from Moscow when the offensive ceased.
The battle ended in January 1942, leaving estimated casualties of 174,000 to 400,000 for Germany and 650,000 to 1.2 million casualties for the Red Army. The defence of Moscow marked the success of Soviet resistance against the Axis forces and an operational and tactical failure for the Germans.

Battle of the Somme

The Battle of the Somme, also known as the Somme Offensive, caused the loss of more than 1.2 million lives from both the British-French empires and German Empire . Fought from July to November 1918 near the Somme River in France, it was one of the biggest conflicts of World War I.
The Battle of the Somme remains one of the bloodiest fights in history having caused approximately 57,000 casualties for the British Army on the very first day of the battle, blamed on the inexperience and patchy training of the British soldiers.
About 420,000 soldiers of British and Commonwealth forces died, were wounded or went missing during the fight, while French losses were more than 204,000 . On the other hand, the German Empire suffered about 680,000 casualties. The Allied forces seized a strip of land just 20 miles wide and 6 miles long from German possession at the cost of a huge number of casualties.

Operation Bagration

With total casualties of over 1.1 million, Operation Bagration was one of the worst military disasters in the history. Operation Bagration was a code name of the Belorussian Strategic Offensive Operation to clear German forces from the Belorussian SSR and eastern Poland during World War II.
The operation resulted in the devastation of 28 of 38 German Army divisions. About 350,000 to 400,000 men from the German Army were killed, wounded or captured. It was treated as the defeat resulting in the most German armed forces casualties in World War II.
The Red Army suffered more than 770,000 casualties, of which 180,000 were killed or missing in the action, and over 590,000 men were wounded. The Soviet forces liberated a large amount of their territory from Germany and significantly destroyed the German Army Group Centre.

Battle of Gallipoli

The Battle of Gallipoli, also referred to as the Gallipoli Campaign or the Dardanelles Campaign, left over 500,000 casualties. Fought on the Gallipoli peninsula, the World War I battle turned into a disaster when the Allied powers failed to control the sea route from Europe to Russia.
British and French vessels initiated naval attack on the Dardanelles Straits in February 1915, while troops from Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand invaded the Gallipoli Peninsula on land in April of the same year.
The Allied powers suffered over 250,000 casualties prior to their final evacuation from Gallipoli in January 2016, and the Ottoman Empire’s casualties and losses totalled 218,000 to 250,000. The invasion ended unsuccessful as the Allied forces experienced fierce counter-attack from Ottoman troops. Bad weather, insufficient artillery, and inaccurate maps and intelligence also contributed to the failure of the Allied forces.

Battle of France

The Battle of France, or the Fall of France as it is more popularly known, accounted for total casualties of more than 500,000 soldiers from Allied and Axis forces. The battle included Fall Gelb (Case Yellow) and Fall Rot (Case Red) operations.
The Fall of France was a successful German invasion of France, as well as Holland, Belgium and Luxembourg. About 360,000 men of the Allied armies were dead or wounded, while the Axis suffered over 160,000 casualties.
The French military resistance ended when German forces occupied Paris in June 1940 and France was subsequently occupied by Germany under an armistice signed between the nations. France remained under Axis occupation until liberated by the Allied forces in 1944.

Battle of Kolubara

The Battle of Kolubara or the Battle of Suvobor turned into one of the worst military disasters when a strong Austria-Hungarian invasion force was turned back by a poorly-equipped Serbian Army. The battle resulted in more than 350,000 casualties.
The Battle of Kolubara was regarded as the biggest fight between the Serbian and Austro-Hungarian armies during World War I. It involved the deployment of 450,000 Austria-Hungarian troops and 250,000 Serbian forces.
Austria-Hungarian armies suffered 224,500 casualties, and the Serbian Army’s casualties accounted for 133,000 troops. The battle proved the successful Serbian counteroffensive capabilities against well-equipped Austria-Hungarian forces.

Tet Offensive

The Tet Offensive, resulting in total casualties of more than 100,000, was a major offensive began by North Vietnam and the Viet Cong against South Vietnam, the United States, and their allies in 1968.
The Tet Offensive was one of the biggest military combats of the Vietnam War. North Vietnam and the Viet Cong lost over 45,000 troops, while over 20,000 soldiers of South Vietnam and allies were killed and wounded in the action. Over 14,000 civilians died and 24,000 were wounded during the conflict.
The Tet Offensive proved to be a turning point in the Vietnam War. The conflict had a heavy impact on the US government and ultimately led to the withdrawal of US forces from Vietnam, although it was a tactical victory for the South Vietnam and US forces.

Operation Market Garden

The Operation Market Garden disaster occurred when Allied forces failed to encircle the Ruhr Area. The battle resulted in over 26,000 casualties.
Allied forces launched Operation Market Garden in September 1944 to create a 64 mile-long airborne corridor allowing the entry of tanks and troops into Northern Germany. Over 20,000 paratroopers and more than 13,500 glider pilots, 5,200t of equipment, 1,900 vehicles and 560 guns were dropped during the operation making it the biggest airborne operation of those times.
Allied troops successfully captured a number of bridges during the initial stages of the operation, but experienced fiercer German resistance than expected. The Allies failed to cross the Rhine River in sufficient force and, as a result, suffered over 17,000 casualties. The German casualties and losses were estimated at about 9,000.

Six-Day War

The Six-Day War, also known as the Third Arab-Israeli War, caused more than 23,000 casualties in a surprise attack by Israel on Egypt, Jordan and Syria in response to Arab threats of invasion.
The Six-Day War began on 5 June 1967 when Israel launched surprise bombing raids against Egyptian air-ields. The Air Forces of Egypt, Jordan and Syria suffered heavy damage due to Israeli Air Force attacks. Israel launched a series of ground, air and naval attacks, and took control of the Sinai Peninsula and Gaza Strip from Egypt, the West Bank from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria.
Israel suffered minimal casualties of over 5,000, while Egypt’s casualties totalled 15,000. The casualties of Syria and Jordan accounted for 2,500 and 800 respectively.



Approximately 600 Iraqis were killed or wounded during the operation, compared to a dozen American losses and 57 injured (mostly from friendly fire). In the end, 85 Iraqi tanks were destroyed to just one American tank.

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SOLDIER OF THE WEEK :Gen Theophilus Danjuma

 Image result for Gen Theophilus Danjuma Gen Theophilus Danjuma


General Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma GCON FSS psc (Rtd) (born 9 December 1938) is a Nigerian Jukun soldier, politician and multi-millionaire businessman and philanthropist. He was Nigerian Army Chief of Army Staff from July 1975 to October 1979. He was also Minister of Defence under Olusegun Obasanjo. Danjuma is chairman of South Atlantic Petroleum (SAPETRO).
    Danjuma was born in Takum, Taraba State (formally Gongola), Nigeria to Kuru Danjuma and Rufkatu Asibi. Takum was mainly a farming community when Danjuma was young, the crops grown there such as yams, rice, cassava and beniseed were cultivated largely by families and clans. His father was a hardworking peasant whose ancestors were all highly respected members of the community. Kuru Danjuma was a farmer who also traded in metal parts for farming implements and tools.
    Theophilus Danjuma started his education at St Bartholomew's Primary School in Wusasa and moved on to the Benue Provincial Secondary School in Katsina-Ala where he was the captain of the school cricket 1st XI team, he received his Higher School Certificate in 1958. In 1959 Danjuma enrolled at the Nigerian College of Arts Science and Technology in Zaria (Ahmadu Bello University) to study History on a Northern Nigeria Scholarship. However, by the end of 1960, Danjuma had left university to enrol with the Nigerian Army.

    Military career

    Danjuma was commissioned into the Nigerian Army as second lieutenant and platoon commander in the Congo and in 1963 joined a UN Peace-keeping force in Sante, Katanga Province in Congo when he was promoted to captain three years later. In 1966 Captain Danjuma was involved in the Nigerian Counter-Coup of 1966 with the 4th Battalion in Mokola, Ibadan.
    A year later, in 1967, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel at the start of the civil war campaign towards Enugu, which was captured later in that year. Towards the end of the Nigerian Civil War, Danjuma led a battalion that freed Jaja Wachuku from detention by the Ojukwu government. Danjuma and his soldiers were dismayed that, Wachuku, their globally respected first Speaker of the Nigerian House of Representatives, first Ambassador to the United Nations and first Foreign Affairs Minister was in detention for exercising his freedom of speech and fundamental human rights, in terms of speaking out against the recruitment of child soldiers by the Ojukwu led Biafran government.
    In 1970 Danjuma attended the International Court Martial in Trinidad and Tobago as Nigeria's representative, when he was appointed president of the tribunal in a case brought against members of a failed coup attempt in Trinidad and Tobago. Following his promotion to Colonel in 1971 he spent next two years with responsibility for court-martialling Army officers proven guilty of corruption and indiscipline. In 1975 he was promoted to Brigadier and the position of General Officer Commanding (GOC) and in the following year he became the Chief of Army Staff to the Head of State Olusegun Obasanjo. He played a prominent role in supporting the president in resisting the Dimka Coup in 1976.He retired from the Nigerian army in 1979

    Business career

    Nigeria America Line (NAL) Formed in 1979 by General TY Danjuma (Rtd), Nigeria American Line (NAL) began business and initially leased a ship called 'Hannatu' which traded between Lagos and Santos in Brazil when Nigeria's bilateral trade agreement had opened the sea routes to economies in the South American markets. NAL went on to win patronage from Nigeria's National Supply Company (NNSC) to bring in government goods from. NAL's list of growing clients included DICON Salt (Nigeria) and project cargoes for Iwopin Paper Mill, ANNAMCO and Volkswagen Nigeria. NAL became a member of AWAFC (American West African Freight Conference), Brazil-Nigeria Freight Conference and the Mediterranean Line (MEWAC). With the formation of the National Maritime Authority (NMA) IN 1987/88, the profile of NAL increased as NMA encouraged indigenous operators to claim their share of internationally traded cargo involving Nigeria. NAL began with a core indigenous staff of about 12 in 1979. In 2009 staff in NAL-COMET is closer to 250 including approximately 12 expatriate staff members. From the Lagos office the NAL-COMET Group has opened branch offices in Port Harcourt which serves Onne, Warri and Calabar seaports.
    COMET Shipping Agencies Nigeria Ltd COMET Shipping Agencies Nigeria Limited was established in 1984 by Danjuma, primarily to act as an agent for Nigeria American Line (NAL). COMET has grown and by the late nineties became one of the largest independent agents operating in Nigeria with experience in handling many types of vessels and cargo. In 2009 Comet handled over 200 vessels at the ports of Lagos, Port Harcourt, Calabar and Warri. In 2005 NAL-COMET acquired a roll-in-roll-out port (RORO) in Lagos which makes it the largest independent port operators in Africa.
    South Atlantic Petroleum Limited (SAPETRO) South Atlantic Petroleum (SAPETRO) is a Nigerian oil exploration and production company that was created in 1995 by General T. Y. Danjuma. The ministry of Petroleum Resources in Nigeria awarded the Oil Prospecting License (OPL) 246 to SAPETRO in February 1998. The block covers a total area of 2,590 square kilometres (1,000 sq mi). SAPETRO partnered with Total Upstream Nigeria Ltd (TUPNI) and Brasoil Oil Services Company Nigeria Ltd (Petrobras) to start prospecting on OPL246. Akpo, a condensate field was discovered in April 2000 with the drilling of the first exploration well (Akpo 1) on the block. Other discoveries made on OPL 246 include the Egina Main, Egina South, Preowei and Kuro (Kuro was suspended as a dry gas/minor oil discovery). In 2004, SAPETRO's subsidiary in Benin won through a competitive tender process an oil exploration contract covering 550 square kilometres offshore from the Republic of Benin. In February 2005, SAPETRO was granted Oil Mining Lease (OML) 130 and thereafter the Federal government backed in through the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). In June 2006, SAPETRO divested part of its contractor rights and obligations to China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC). SAPETRO produced its "first oil" (condensate) on 4 March 2009. In December 2009 SAPETRO donated a new state of the art medical centre to the Nasarawa State University. The medical centre, to be known as South Atlantic Petroleum Medical Centre would be available to serve the University, the local and neighbouring communities.
    NatCom Development & Investment Limited Nigerian business tycoon, Gen. TY Danjuma, was named Board Chairman by the NatCom Development & Investment Limited “NatCom”, trading as ntel. The announcement was made on Wednesday, July, 2016 following General Danjuma’s inaugural board meeting. ntel commenced commercial operations of its 4G/LTE-Advanced network on 08-04-16 in Lagos and Abuja. ntel is Nigeria’s most advanced mobile 4G/LTE network providing superfast Internet Access that enables high-definition voice, data and video services. ntel’s network is built on the 900/1800 MHz frequency bands which are the best propagation frequencies for the deployment of 4G/LTE technology. ntel’s bouquet of services includes: National Bandwidth; International Voice Termination, International Bandwidth; Mobile and Fixed Communications services.
    The company made its first on-net test data call in Lagos on Monday, January 18, 2016 and followed this with its first on-net Voice-over-LTE (VoLTE) call in Lagos on Thursday, February 25, 2016. Commercial operations commenced on Friday April 8, 2016.

    Politics

    Since 1999 Danjuma has played an active role in Nigerian politics, some of his key appointments have been:
    • 1999 Appointed as Minister of Defence to President Olusegun Obasanjo's Cabinet
    • 2003 Appointed as Chairperson for investigative committee on the Warri conflict
    • 2010 Nominated as Chairman of the Presidential Advisory Council by Acting President Goodluck Jonathan
    While in Office, Gen TY Danjuma sought to curb the politicisation of the military, and was a firm supporter of democracy and the Rule of Law. He also oversaw the renaming of all Nigerian barracks and cantons from those of civilian or living persons. He was also widely known to be an avid opponent of President Obasanjo's attempts in 2006 to engineer a way that would enable himself and state governors to serve more than two consecutive terms.
    Danjuma serves as Chairman of the Victims' Support Fund Committee, supporting the victims of terror such as the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping. On 16 July 2014, in a speech at the Presidential Villa in Abuja, Danjuma "told President Jonathan that Boko Haram insurgents appear to be having the upper hand, as they choose where to strike and capture territory ... Danjuma said the battle to win the insurgency war has already taken too long."

    TY Danjuma Foundation

    In December 2008, the TY Danjuma Foundation was created in Nigeria.
    The Foundation's principal aims are to provide durable advantages through the implementation of development programs. The Foundation plans to operate more as a philanthropic organisation rather than simply as a charity. This would allow for the foundation to seek out other deserving causes and Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) to partner with and make grants available.
    The TY Danjuma Foundation seeks to alleviate poverty in communities by providing basic amenities, education for children and young adults while also providing free medical care for indigent people. Currently, USD500,000 has been given out as grants to NGOs working to relieve suffering in Danjuma's home state of Taraba. Taraba is historically one of Nigeria's most impoverished states, compounded by the absence of a health service which catered for the masses. Furthermore, the state has the highest case of river blindness and other debilitating illnesses.
    The TY Danjuma Foundation is currently partnering with over 50 NGOs throughout Nigeria, and with the support and co-operation of 36 state governors. One of the many NGOs which is being supported by the Foundation is CASVI working in Takum, Wukari and Donga. CASVI's main area of expertise is on the provision of free eye care services such as the treatment of river blindness in Wukari, Ibi and Donga.


Monday 27 November 2017

AFRICAN DICTATORS OF ALL TIME

POSTED:Afolabi micheal
Africa have experienced so many military rules and they will never be forgotten .Some still exist and some are already out of power but yet anything can still happen.Though Zimbabwe is experiencing one now but there is no clue that says the military really wants the seats but nevertheless lets go straight to our stories

TOP 20 DICTATORS IN AFRICA

Regardless of how they came to power, these people are regarded as the worst dictators in Africa.
The regime of most of these African dictators was marked by horror, terror, chaos, and bloodshed. Some of these dictators were notorious leaders, and some have led their country towards economic prosperity while others started on the right path and lost their way.

20. PAUL KAGAME (RWANDA: 1994-PRESENT)

worst dictators
Paul Kagame became the President of Rwanda in the year 2000. He rose to power through his guerrilla movement that ended the 1994 Rwandan Genocide.
Years in power: 23 years +
Highs: Kagame has led Rwanda towards the path of economic prosperity, his government has been described by the UN and several international leaders as the model of good governance in Africa.
Lows: Kagame’s regime been marked by accusations of human right abuse, oppression of political opponents and the press.

19. ZINE EL ABIDINE BEN ALI (TUNISIA: 1987–2011)

dictators in africa
Zine El Abidine Ben Ali was the President of Tunisia from 1987 to 2011. Ben Ali, he assumed the Presidency in a bloodless coup, a month after he was appointed the prime minister. He led Tunisia for 23 years before stepping down in January 2011due to a massive protests demanding his exit.
Years in power: 24 years
Highs: Tunisia witnessed stability and economic prosperity under Ben Ali
Lows: In 2012, in abstention,  he was sentenced to a life imprisonment for his role in the murders of protesters in the 2011 revolution that led to his exit from power. Embezzlement, misuse of public funds, suppressing political opponents are some of the sins of one of Africa’s longest-serving dictators.

18. GNASSINGBÉ EYADÉMA (TOGO: 1967–2005)

dictator
Gnassingbé Eyadema remains one of Africa’s longest-serving dictator. Eyadema became the president of Togo in 1967 after he led a military coup against the incumbent President, a man he helped bring to power in a bloody military coup. He died of a heart attack in 2005, and his son Faure was named the President of Togo in controversial circumstances.
Years in power: 38 years
Lows: Eyadema is the pioneer of Africa’s first military coup d’etat, an act that soon became the political trend in Africa. He organized a presidential election in 1998 and canceled “in the interests of national security” when he was losing. He was accused of several cases of human right abuses.

17. HASTINGS KAMUZU BANDA (MALAWI: 1963–1994)

Dr_HK_Banda
Banda, one of Africa’s greatest dictator, he led Malawi from 1961 till 1994. Banda lost effective control of Malawi during his absence from Malawi in 1993 when he was flown to South Africa for an emergency brain surgery. Bakili Muluzi, his former political protégé, became president in 1994, after the general elections Banda had earlier postponed was conducted in 1994.
Years in power: 31 years
Highs: He was fought against colonialism and led of Nyasaland (now Malawi) to independence as Malawi in 1964.
Lows: His reign left Malawi as one of the World’s poorest country. One in three children under five died of starvation, he regularly tortured and murdered political opponents. Human rights groups estimate that at least 6,000 people were killed, tortured and jailed without trial under Banda.

16. GAAFAR NIMEIRY (SUDAN: 1969–1985)

Gaafar Nimeiry
Gaafar Nimeiry came to power in a 1969 coup that put an end to five years of corrupt civilian rule. He was ousted from power in 1985 and went into exile in Egypt until he was allowed to return in 1999. He contested in the 2000 Sudanese elections; he got just 7% of the votes. He died in may, 2009 at the age 79.
Years in power: 16 years
Highs: He signed the Addis Ababa Agreement, which ended the First Sudanese Civil War and brought a decade of peace and stability to the region.
Lows: His indiscriminate borrowing left the Sudanese economy in ruins, the Sudanese currency lost almost 90% of its value against the major international currencies. He imposed Islamic sharia law in 1983; this led to a two-decade-long war religious war between the Muslim north and the mainly Christian south.

15. SIAD BARRE (SOMALIA: 1969-1991)

siad barre quotes
Siad Barre took power in a Coup d’état in 1969, and he ruled Somalia for over 20 years before he was overthrown in 1991. He passed away in January 1995, in exile in Lagos Nigeria. General Siad Barre’s exit left Somalia without a central authority, and this resulted in a civil war that left the country without a leader for over two decades.

Years in power: 22 years
Highs: Siyad Barre served as chairperson of the Organization of African Unity (African Union). During his early years, he successfully created model agricultural factories that boosted the country’s economy.
Lows: General Siad Barre’s regime, like many dictators in Africa, was marked by human right abuses, The UN Development program asserts “the regime of Siad Barre had one of the worst human rights records in Africa.”

14. CHARLES TAYLOR (LIBERIA: 1997-2003)

brutal african dictator
Charles Taylor once described as the “tyrant of death” was the President of Liberia from August 1997 until 2003 when international pressure forced him to resign and go into exile in Nigeria. He remains one of the most brutal dictators in Africa till date.
Years in power: 6 years
Lows: Charles Taylor is currently serving a 50-year sentence for his involvement in what the judge described as “some of the most heinous and brutal crimes recorded in human history.” He was found guilty of the following charges: Acts of terrorism, Unlawful killings, Murder, Violence to life, health and physical or mental well-being of persons,

13. YAHYA JAMMEH (GAMBIA: 1994-2017)

notorious dictators
Yahya Jammeh took power in a bloodless military coup in 1994. Jammeh got re-elected as the 2016 general elections to Adama Barrow, and surprisingly, he conceded defeat. Only to reject the results few weeks after, he finally left Gambia in exile to Equatorial Guinea after sustained pressure by the African Union, Ecowas, and UN.
Years in power: 23 years
Lows: Strong human rights abuses have marked Yahya Jammeh’s regime, he also claims to have a cure for HIV Aids and his hate for homosexuality is well documented, recently, he threatened to slit the throats of any homosexual in Gambia.

12. IDRISS DEBY (CHAD: 1990-PRESENT)

oldest african dictators
In December 1990, Idriss Deby and his Patriotic Salvation Movement, an insurgent group, backed by Libya and Sudan sacked the incumbent government, and Déby became the President of Chad.
Years in power: 27 years +
Highs: Sacked the barbaric Chadian dictator Hissene Habre from power.
Lows: Deby has used oil proceeds and funds that could have been used to develop Chad to purchase weapons and strengthen his Army. Forbes named Chad the world’s most corrupt nations in 2006. It described Deby’s decision to buy weapons with the funds supposedly intended to counter famine as “what may turn out to be the single most piggish use of philanthropic funds.”

11. OBIANG MBASOGO (EQUATORIAL GUINEA: 1979-PRESENT)

oldest african dictators
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo has been President of Equatorial Guinea since 1979 when he ousted his uncle, Francisco Macías Nguema, in a bloody military coup and sentenced him to death by firing squad. President Obiang is one of the oldest and longest-serving dictators in Africa.
Years in power: 38 years +
Highs: Equatorial Guinea’s has emerged as a significant oil producer under Obiang. He also served as the Chairperson of the African Union from 31 January 2011 to 29 January 2012.
Lows: State-operated radio declared President Obiang “the country’s god” with “all power over men and things,” and thereby he “can decide to kill without anyone calling him to account and without going to hell.” Unlawful killings, government-sanctioned kidnappings; torture of prisoners by security forces, and even accusations of cannibalism has trailed President Obiang’s regime. Forbes estimates his wealth to be around $600 million; he has used an oil boom to enrich his family at the expense of the citizens of Equatorial Guinea.

10. PAUL BIYA (CAMEROON: 1982-PRESENT)

oldest african dictators
Paul Biya has been the President of Cameroon since 6 November 1982. He consolidated power in a 1983–1984 power struggle with his predecessor and he remains a powerhouse in Africa and the president of Cameroon till date.
Years in power: 35 years +
Highs: Cameroon has enjoyed peace and stability for the past 30 years. Paul Biya’s regime has also overseen one of the strongest diplomatic relations in Africa.
Lows: Paul Biya has kept himself in power by organizing sham elections and paying international observers to certify them free of irregularities, the top African leader, and dictator who has been accused of constant human right abuse, was ranked 19th in Parade Magazine’s Top 20 list of “The World’s Worst Dictators.”

9. JOSE EDUARDO DOS SANTOS (ANGOLA: 1979-PRESENT)

oldest presidents in africa
Jose Eduardo Dos Santos, the father of Africa’s richest woman Isabel Dos Santos, is Africa’s second longest-serving head of state, behind Equatorial Guinea’s Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo. He has been in power since 1979, and in 2017, he announced that he would finally step down and end his dictatorship over Angola.
Years in power: 38 years +
Highs: The Angolan economy has grown to become the third-largest economy in sub-Saharan Africa, after South Africa and Nigeria.
Lows: Strong allegations of corruption, misuse, and diversion of public funds for personal gain, human rights abuses, and political oppression. 70% of the population of Angola, lives on less than $2 a day and yet the Dos Santos family have amassed a massive sum of personal wealth with Angola’s oil proceeds.

8. ROBERT MUGABE (ZIMBABWE: 1987-NOVEMBER 21, 2017)

oldest presidents in africa
Robert Gabriel Mugabe, Ex-President of Zimbabwe, and one of the oldest dictators in Africa was in power from 1980, when he was prime minister of Zimbabwe. He consolidated his power to become president on 31st December 1987. After thirty years in power, following what seemed like a coup, smelled like a coup but was officially “not-a-coup,” he resigned from office.
Years in power: 30 years
Highs: Zimbabwe boasts of one of the most impressive education systems in Africa.
Lows: The United Nations estimates Unemployment in Zimbabwe to be as high as 80%,  the economy of Zimbabwe is in ruins, and life expectancy for both male and females is a little above 50 years. Massive hyperinflation has made the local currency of Zimbabwe worthless, the exchange rate of Zimbabwe dollar is 35 quadrillion to US$1. The local currency has been retired and replaced with the US dollar and South African rand, and this has led to the near collapse of the manufacturing industry in Zimbabwe.

7. FRANCISCO MACÍAS NGUEMA (EQUATORIAL GUINEA: 1968-1979)

worst dictators
Francisco Nguema was the first President of Equatorial Guinea; he ruled Equatorial Guinea before his nephew in 1979 overthrew him and sentenced to death by Firing squad for genocide and other crimes he committed. He was brutal and apparently deranged, and he is one of the worst dictators in modern African history.
Years in power: 11 years
Lows: During his regime, he granted himself “all direct powers of Government and Institutions.” He ordered the death of entire families and villages; he executed members of his family, One-third of the population fled the country, he ordered every boat in the nation sold or destroyed and banned all citizens from the shoreline to prevent more people from escaping his terror.

6. HISSENE HABRE (CHAD: 1982-1990)

worst African leaders
Hissene Habre seized power in 1982 from Goukouni Oueddei, who had just been elected President, he lost power to his former military commander officer Idriss Deby in December 1990. Habre fled to Senegal when Deby’s Libya backed insurgents marched into the capital, N’Djaména. In May 2016, he was convicted of crimes against humanity.
Years in power: 8 years
Lows: Hissene Habre’s government carried out a frightening 40,000 politically motivated murders, and there are documented cases of at least 200,000 tortures in Habre’s brutal eight-year rule of Niger.

5. OMAR AL-BASHIR (SUDAN: 1989-PRESENT)

wanted African leaders
Sudanese President, Omar al-Bashir has been the leader of Sudan since 1989 when he took power in a military coup. Al-Bashir is one of the most brutal dictators in Africa and despite ICC’s warrant against him; he remains the president of Sudan.
Years in power: 28 years +
Lows: The International Criminal Court wants Omar al-Bashir for genocide, war crimes, murder, rape, torture, and other crimes against humanity for his crimes in Darfur.

4. SEKOU TOURE (GUINEA: 1958-1984)

notorious dictators
Ahmed Sékou Touré was elected as the first President of Guinea in 1958, a position he held until to his death in 1984. Toure like many other dictators in Africa, survived several assignation attempts and coups while he was in power, he died of heart failure in 1984.
Years in power: 26 years
Lows: Toure banned all opposition parties and declared his party the only legal party in the country. Toure ruled Guinea as a ruthless dictator with no tolerance for opposition. He was accused of several cases of human right abuse and extrajudicial killings.

3. GENERAL SANI ABACHA (NIGERIA: 1993-1998)

worst African dictators
Sani Abacha became the head of state of Nigeria in 1993 after he sacked the interim president appointed after the annulment of the 1993 elections. The exact details of the dictator’s death in the presidential palace in 1998 remains unclear, but it was met by wide celebration and soon after Nigeria returned to a democratic path.
Years in power: 5 years
Highs: Abacha’s regime was a massive economic success for Nigeria. Foreign exchange reserves rose from $494 million in 1993 to $9.6 billion by the middle of 1997. External debt was reduced from $36 billion in 1993 to $27 billion by 1997; inflation rate went down from the 54% he inherited to 8.5% between 1993 and 1998, and global oil price was priced at an average of $15 per barrel.’
Lows: General Sani Abacha’s regime was characterized by massive looting and human right abuses such as the public hanging of political activist Ken Saro-Wiwa and jailing several political opponents.

2. COLONEL MUAMMAR GADDAFI (LIBYA: 1969-2011)

worst dictators in africa
Gaddafi seized power in a bloodless military coup in 1969. The charismatic leader of Libya and one of the greatest dictators in African history met his end during the Libyan revolution in 2011 after rebels in Sirte, his city of birth, killed him.
Years in power: 42 years
Highs: Under Gaddafi, Libya became the first developing country to own a majority share of the revenues from its oil production. Gaddafi provided access to free healthcare, safe houses, food and clean drinking water, free education to university level which led to the dramatic rise in literacy rates
Lows: He led oil-rich Libya as an absolute dictator, for close to 42 years, he quashed anyone that opposed him, and was responsible for the death of thousands of his people.

1. IDI AMIN DADA (UGANDA: 1971-1979)

worst dictator in africa
Idi Amin seized power in the military coup in January 1971, sacking Milton Obote. Idi Amin fled Uganda in the heat of the Uganda-Tanzania war and went into exile in Libya and then Saudi Arabia where he lived until his death on 16 August 2003.
Years in power: 8 years
Lows: Amin’s rule was characterized by rumors of cannibalism, frightening human rights abuses, political repression, several extrajudicial killings, corruption, and gross economic mismanagement. International observers and human rights groups estimate the death toll of his regime to be around 500,000.
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